:root {
    --primary-color: #004a99; /* Professional Academic Blue */
    --text-dark: #333;
    --text-light: #666;
    --bg-light: #f4f7f6;
    --white: #ffffff;
}

* { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }

body {
    font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background: var(--white);
}

.container { max-width: 1100px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 20px; }

/* Navigation - Responsive */
nav {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
}

.nav-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1200px; /* Or whatever your site width is */
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
}

.logo { font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.4rem; color: var(--primary-color); text-decoration: none; }

.nav-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 14px;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.nav-links a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.3s;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-links a:hover { color: var(--primary-color); }

/* Hero Section */
.hero { padding: 80px 0; background: var(--bg-light); text-align: center; }
.hero h1 { font-size: 2.8rem; margin-bottom: 15px; }

/* Generic Section Styling */
section { padding: 60px 0; }
h2 { margin-bottom: 20px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--text-dark); }

/* Footer */
footer { background: #222; color: #fff; padding: 40px 0; text-align: center; margin-top: 50px; }

/* Mobile Menu Toggle (Simplified) */
/* Hide checkbox and hamburger on Desktop */
.menu-checkbox, .hamburger {
    display: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
    .hamburger {
        display: block;
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        cursor: pointer;
        color: #003366;
    }

    .nav-links {
        display: none; /* Hidden by default on mobile */
        flex-direction: column;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%; /* Sits right below the navbar */
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background: #fff;
        padding: 20px;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        z-index: 1000;
    }

    /* THE TRICK: When checkbox is checked, show nav-links */
    .menu-checkbox:checked ~ .nav-links {
        display: flex;
    }

    .nav-links li {
        margin: 10px 0;
        text-align: center;
    }
}

/* People Page Specific Styles */
.people-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr));
    gap: 40px;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.person-card {
    text-align: center;
    background: #fff;
    padding: 20px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.person-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.person-img {
    width: 180px;
    height: 180px;
    border-radius: 50%; /* Circular images */
    object-fit: cover;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    border: 3px solid var(--bg-light);
}

.person-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.role {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.profile-link {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.pi {
    max-width: 300px;
    margin: 0 auto; /* Centers the PI card */
}

.active {
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
}
/* Project Page Styles */
.project-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 40px;
}

.project-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr; /* Image takes 1/3, content takes 2/3 */
    gap: 30px;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.project-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.project-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.project-content {
    padding: 30px;
}

.tag {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.project-content h3 {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.project-links {
    margin-top: 25px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

/* Button Styles */
.btn-small {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 8px 20px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.btn-outline {
    border: 1px solid var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 8px 20px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Mobile Responsiveness for Projects */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .project-card {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr; /* Stack vertically on small screens */
    }
    
    .project-image {
        height: 200px;
    }
}
/* Publication Styles */
.pub-filters {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
}

.filter-btn {
    padding: 8px 20px;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    background: #fff;
    cursor: pointer;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    transition: 0.3s;
}

.filter-btn.active, .filter-btn:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.pub-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 30px;
    padding: 25px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
    animation: fadeIn 0.5s ease;
}

.pub-year {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    min-width: 60px;
}

.pub-details .author {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.pub-links {
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.btn-cite {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--primary-color);
    padding: 2px 8px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    margin-right: 8px;
    background: transparent;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.btn-cite:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
/* News Timeline */
.timeline {
    border-left: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    margin-left: 20px;
    padding-left: 30px;
    position: relative;
}

.timeline-item {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    position: relative;
}

.timeline-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: -41px;
    top: 5px;
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.timeline-date {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

/* Course Cards */
.course-card {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    padding: 25px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.course-code {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 2px 8px;
    font-weight: 700;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
}
/* News Timeline */
.timeline {
    border-left: 3px solid #eee;
    margin-left: 20px;
    padding-left: 30px;
}

.timeline-item {
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    position: relative;
}

.timeline-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: -38px;
    top: 5px;
    width: 14px;
    height: 14px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.timeline-date {
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* Course Styling */
.course-card {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.course-card:hover {
    transform: scale(1.01);
}

.course-code {
    background: #e9ecef;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: #495057;
}
/* Contact Grid */
.contact-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 50px;
    align-items: start;
}

.map-placeholder {
    background: #e9ecef;
    height: 350px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px dashed #ccc;
}

/* Blog Grid */
.blog-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
}

.blog-card {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s;
}

.blog-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.blog-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.blog-content {
    padding: 20px;
}

.blog-date {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* Responsive Fix */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .contact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

/* --- Navigation Styling --- */
.nav-links a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #555;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 5px 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-links a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* --- THE PRO TIP: Active Link Style --- */
.nav-links a.active {
    color: var(--primary-color) !important;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-color); /* Underline the active page */
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* --- Footer Styling --- */
.footer {
    background: #1a1a1a;
    color: #f4f4f4;
    padding: 60px 0 30px 0;
    margin-top: 80px;
}

.footer-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    gap: 20px;
}

.footer h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.footer-bottom {
    margin-top: 40px;
    border-top: 1px solid #333;
    padding-top: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    width: 100%;
    color: #888;
}

.pub-item {
  padding: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}

.pub-year {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #555;
}

.pub-filters {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.filter-btn {
  margin-right: 8px;
}

/* Hero Section Enhancements */
.hero {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #003d7a 0%, #002147 100%); /* Deep academic blue */
    color: white;
    padding: 80px 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero h1 {
    font-size: 2.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    max-width: 900px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.hero-tagline {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

/* Section Titles */
.section-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0 0 40px;
    font-size: 1.85rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1a1a2e;
    position: relative;
    padding-top: 18px;
}
.section-title::before {
    content: '';
    display: block;
    width: 36px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 2px;
    margin: 0 auto 16px;
}

/* Join Us Box Styles */
.join-us-box {
    background: #f4f7f9;
    border-left: 5px solid #cc0000; /* BU Red accent */
    padding: 40px;
    margin: -10px 0;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.join-content h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
    color: #cc0000;
}

/* Grid Layout for scannability */
.project-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
}

.project-card {
    background: white;
    padding: 25px;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    border-radius: 12px;
    transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
/* Research Table Styling */
.research-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin: 0px 0 40px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    background-color: #fff;
}

.research-table th {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    color: #003d7a;
    text-align: left;
    padding: 15px;
    border-bottom: 3px solid #cc0000; /* BU Red accent */
}

.research-table td {
    padding: 20px 15px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
    vertical-align: top;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.research-table tr:hover {
    background-color: #fafafa;
}

/* Section Dividers */
.section-divider {
    border: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background: #eee;
    margin: -30px 0;
}

.site-footer {
    background-color: #333; /* Update this to your preferred dark color */
    color: white;
    padding: 40px 0;
    margin-top: 60px;
}

.footer-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between; /* Pushes links to the right */
    align-items: center;
}

/* Left Side Styling */
.footer-left {
    text-align: left;
}

.footer-logo {
    height: 35px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    filter: brightness(0) invert(1); /* Makes the logo white for dark backgrounds */
}

.footer-left p {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin: 0;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

/* Right Side Styling (Links + Icons) */
.footer-right {
    display: flex;
    gap: 25px; /* Spacing between link groups */
}

.footer-link-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.footer-link-item span {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.footer-link-item a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: opacity 0.2s;
}

.footer-link-item a:hover {
    opacity: 0.7;
    color: #cc0000; /* BU Red on hover */
}

/* Responsive: Stack on mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .footer-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 30px;
    }
    .footer-left { text-align: center; }
}

/* Update the icon specifically */
.footer-link-item a i {
    font-size: 1.4rem; /* Larger, professional size */
    color: white;
    transition: transform 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}

.footer-link-item a:hover i {
    color: #cc0000; /* BU Red on hover */
    transform: scale(1.1); /* Slight "smart" zoom effect */
}

.footer-link-item span {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    opacity: 0.7;
}
.footer-logo {
    height: 45px; /* Adjust size as needed */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    
    /* This filter trick removes the red background and leaves white lines */
    /* It works best on dark footer backgrounds */
    filter: brightness(1.2) contrast(1.2);
    mix-blend-mode: lighten; 
}

.project-list {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.project-card {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #eee;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden; /* Clips the image to the border radius */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.project-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    object-fit: cover; /* Keeps images looking good regardless of ratio */
}

.project-content {
    padding: 25px;
}

.tag {
    display: inline-block;
    background: #f0f4f8;
    color: #003d7a;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.project-links {
    margin-top: auto; /* Pushes links to the bottom of the card */
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.btn-small {
    background: #003d7a;
    color: white;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.btn-outline {
    border: 1px solid #003d7a;
    color: #003d7a;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.people-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.person-card {
    text-align: center;
}

.person-card img {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    border-radius: 50%; /* Circle photos look smarter */
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid #eee;
}

.alumni-item {
    padding: 15px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

.filter-container {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.filter-btn {
    padding: 8px 18px;
    margin: 5px;
    border: 1px solid #cc0000;
    background: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    border-radius: 20px;
}

.filter-btn.active {
    background: #cc0000;
    color: white;
}

.image-container {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    margin: 0 auto 15px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden; /* Ensures the image stays a circle */
    border: 3px solid #eee;
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.image-container img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover; /* Prevents stretching */
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.person-card:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05); /* Subtle "smart" zoom on hover */
}
.alumni-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.alumni-item {
    background: #fdfdfd;
    border-left: 4px solid #cc0000; /* BU Red accent */
    padding: 15px 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);
}


/* News Flash Styling */
.news-flash-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    background: #fdf2f2; /* Very light red tint */
    border: 1px solid #ffcccc;
    border-radius: 4px;
    margin: 30px 0;
    margin-top: -10px;
    margin-bottom: -10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 10px 15px;
}

.news-label {
    background: #cc0000; /* BU Red */
    color: white;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    border-radius: 3px;
    margin-right: 15px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.news-content {
    display: flex;
    gap: 40px; /* Space between different news items */
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #333;
}

.news-item {
    display: inline-block;
}

/* Optional: Subtle animation if you have many news items */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .news-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 10px;
    }
}

.pub-item {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding-left: 36px; /* Width of the indent */
    text-indent: -36px; /* Pulls first line back out */
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #333;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.apa-authors {
    font-weight: 600; /* Makes authors slightly bolder for readability */
}

.apa-title {
    color: #000;
}

.apa-journal em {
    font-style: italic;
    color: #555;
}

.pub-links {
    text-indent: 0; /* Resets the indent for the buttons */
    margin-top: 10px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
}

.pub-cite-links {
    margin-left: 1cm;
}

.btn-cite {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #cc0000; /* BU Red */
    border: 1px solid #cc0000;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    transition: 0.2s;
}

.btn-cite:hover {
    background: #cc0000;
    color: #fff;
}

.pub-item {
    display: flex;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.pub-number {
    width: 30px;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.pub-details {
    flex: 1;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.pub-details em {
    font-style: italic;
}

.pub-details a {
    text-decoration: none;
}

.pub-details a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* This stops the "jump" by reserving the height immediately */
#header-placeholder {
    height: 70px; /* Match the exact height of your navbar */
    background-color: #003d7a; /* Match your navbar color */
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
}

/* Ensure the navbar doesn't cause a horizontal scroll */
.navbar {
    height: 70px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

/* Initial state: invisible */
body {
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

/* When the page is ready, we reveal it via JS */
body.loaded {
    opacity: 1;
}

#backToTop {
    display: none; /* Hidden by default */
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 30px;
    right: 30px;
    z-index: 99;
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    background-color: #cc0000; /* BU Red */
    color: white;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 15px;
    border-radius: 50%; /* Round button */
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
    transition: transform 0.2s, background-color 0.2s;
}

#backToTop:hover {
    background-color: #003d7a; /* BU Blue on hover */
    transform: scale(1.1);
}



/* 1. The Hero Container */
.hero-banner {
    background: url('imgs/hero-bg.png') no-repeat center center;
    background-size: cover;
    /* Optional: background-attachment: fixed; creates a parallax effect */
    height: 380px; 
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    color: white;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* 2. The Semi-Transparent "Glass" Overlay */
.hero-overlay {
    background: linear-gradient(
        to bottom, 
        rgba(0, 38, 77, 0.4), /* Deep BU Blue tint at top */
        rgba(0, 20, 40, 0.7)   /* Darker at bottom for text contrast */
    );
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* 3. Text Typography */
.hero-banner .container {
    max-width: 1000px;
    padding: 0 20px;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.hero-banner h1 {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    /* Subtle glow to make text pop against the Aurora */
    text-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.hero-banner p {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    margin-top: 15px;
    font-weight: 300;
    font-style: italic;
    opacity: 0.9;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

/* Responsive adjustments for mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero-banner {
        height: 280px;
    }
    .hero-banner h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    .hero-banner p {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

/* Container for the actual article text */
.post-article {
    max-width: 750px;
    margin: 60px auto;
    line-height: 1.85; /* Slightly more space for academic reading */
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #333;
}

.post-header h1 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin: 10px 0 30px 0;
    color: #003366; 
}

/* Footer Section & Back Link */
.post-footer {
    margin-top: 50px;
    padding-top: 20px;
    border-top: 1px solid #eee; /* Light separator line */
}

.back-button {
    display: inline-block;
    color: #888; /* Soft gray, not dark/heavy */
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.back-button:hover {
    color: #003366; /* Turns BU Blue on hover */
    transform: translateX(-5px); /* Gentle nudge to the left */
}

/* Rest of your existing styles */
.post-metadata {
    color: #666;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.post-content h3 {
    margin-top: 40px;
    border-left: 4px solid #003366;
    padding-left: 15px;
}

.blog-img-full {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 4px;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

figcaption {
    text-align: center;
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #777;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

pre {
    background: #f4f4f4;
    padding: 15px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    overflow-x: auto;
}

/* =====================================================
   HOME PAGE — About grid (photo + text)
   ===================================================== */
.about-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 140px 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
    align-items: start;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.about-photo {
    width: 130px;
    height: 130px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid var(--bg-light);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    display: block;
}
.about-summary p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
    .about-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .about-photo { margin: 0 auto; }
}

/* =====================================================
   HOME PAGE — Research focus cards
   ===================================================== */
.research-cards {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(230px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.research-card {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 22px 24px;
    border-top: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s;
}
.research-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.07);
}
.research-card h3 {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}
.research-card p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.65;
    margin: 0;
}

/* =====================================================
   BIO PAGE
   ===================================================== */
.bio-page { padding-bottom: 80px; }

.bio-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 260px 1fr;
    gap: 60px;
    padding: 60px 0;
}

.bio-sidebar { text-align: center; }

.bio-photo {
    width: 210px;
    height: 210px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    margin: 0 auto 24px;
    border: 4px solid var(--bg-light);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.bio-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.bio-actions a { text-align: center; }

.bio-contact-card {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: left;
}
.bio-contact-card h3 {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin: 16px 0 6px;
}
.bio-contact-card h3:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.bio-contact-card h3 i { margin-right: 6px; }
.bio-contact-card p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}
.bio-contact-card a { color: var(--primary-color); }

.bio-name {
    font-size: 2.4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.bio-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
    font-style: italic;
}
.bio-main p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.bio-section-heading {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
    padding-left: 12px;
    margin: 32px 0 12px;
}
.bio-list {
    padding-left: 18px;
    line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 1rem;
}
.bio-list li { margin-bottom: 6px; }
.bio-list a { color: var(--primary-color); }

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .bio-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 32px;
        padding: 40px 0;
    }
    .bio-name { font-size: 1.8rem; }
}